The Complete Guide to Prepositions (संबंधसूचक शब्द) in English Grammar

Preposition (संबंधसूचक शब्द) – The Relationship Builder

Prepositions are the invisible connectors that establish relationships between different elements in a sentence. In Hindi, they’re called “संबंधसूचक शब्द” because they “शब्दों के बीच संबंध दर्शाते हैं” (show relationships between words). These small but mighty words tell us about position, time, direction, and other relationships.

Why Prepositions Matter

 Clarify spatial relationships (on, under, between)
 Indicate time frames (at, during, until)
 Show connections (of, with, about)
 Essential for phrasal verbs (look after, give up)
 Change meaning completely (compare “agree to” vs “agree with”)

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Types of Prepositions (संबंधसूचक शब्द के प्रकार) with Detailed Examples

1. Prepositions of Place (स्थान संबंधी)

Show where something is located.

Preposition	English Example	Hindi Translation	Visual Cue
in	The keys are in the drawer	चाबियाँ दराज़ में हैं	Inside a 3D space
on	The book is on the table	किताब मेज़ पर है	Surface contact
under	The cat is under the chair	बिल्ली कुर्सी के नीचे है	Below something
between	Sit between Riya and Priya	रिया और प्रिया के बीच बैठो	Middle position
in front of	Park in front of the house	घर के सामने पार्क करो	Facing position

Special Cases:

• At for specific points (at the door, at the station)
• In for enclosed spaces (in the room, in the car)
• On for surfaces (on the wall, on the page)

2. Prepositions of Time (समय संबंधी)

Indicate when something happens.

Preposition	Usage	Example	Hindi Meaning
at	Clock times	Meet at 5 PM	5 बजे मिलो
on	Days/dates	On Monday	सोमवार को
in	Months/years	In July	जुलाई में
for	Duration	Wait for an hour	एक घंटे तक प्रतीक्षा करो
since	Starting point	Here since 2010	2010 से यहाँ

Memory Trick:
At for points (at night), On for surfaces (on Sunday), In for containers (in summer)

3. Prepositions of Direction (दिशा संबंधी)

Show movement.

Preposition	Example	Hindi	Movement Type
to	Go to school	स्कूल को जाओ	Destination
into	Jump into the pool	पूल में कूदो	Entering
onto	Step onto the platform	प्लेटफॉर्म पर चढ़ो	Surface contact
toward	Walk toward the light	रोशनी की ओर चलो	General direction
across	Swim across the river	नदी पार तैरो	From one side to another

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Preposition Examples in Context

Place Prepositions

S.No	English Sentence	Hindi Translation
1	The flowers are in the vase.	फूल फूलदान में हैं।
2	Hang the picture on the wall.	तस्वीर दीवार पर लगाओ।
3	The dog hid under the bed.	कुत्ता बिस्तर के नीचे छिपा।

Time Prepositions

S.No	English Sentence	Hindi Translation
4	We eat lunch at noon.	हम दोपहर को भोजन करते हैं।
5	Her birthday is on June 5.	उसका जन्मदिन 5 जून को है।
6	They’ll visit in December.	वे दिसंबर में आएँगे।

Direction Prepositions

S.No	English Sentence	Hindi Translation
7	Walk toward the park.	पार्क की ओर चलो।
8	Pour the juice into the glass.	जूस गिलास में डालो।
9	The ball rolled across the street.	गेंद सड़क पार लुढ़की।

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Common Preposition Mistakes (सामान्य गलतियाँ)

 Incorrect: She is good in English.
 Correct: She is good at English.

 Incorrect: We reached at the station.
 Correct: We reached the station.

 Incorrect: Divide it between the four children.
 Correct: Divide it among the four children.

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Interactive Practice (अभ्यास)

A. Fill in Correct Prepositions:

1. The flight departs ___ 8:30 ___ the morning.
2. She hung her coat ___ the hook ___ the wall.
3. We walked ___ the bridge ___ the river.

B. Identify Preposition Types:

1. “Meet me at the café before noon.” (Time/Place)
2. “The cat jumped onto the roof.” (Direction/Place)
3. “They’ve lived here since 2015.” (Time/Direction)

C. Translate to Hindi:

1. “The keys are under the mat.”
2. “We’ll meet on Saturday.”
3. “Walk toward the museum.”

(Answers: A1. at, in | A2. on, on | A3. across, over | B1. Place, Time | B2. Direction | B3. Time | C1. चाबियाँ चटाई के नीचे हैं, C2. हम शनिवार को मिलेंगे, C3. संग्रहालय की ओर चलो)

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Advanced Preposition Concepts

1. Prepositional Phrases

Groups of words starting with prepositions:

• Under the bed (सब्बल के नीचे)
• After the meeting (मीटिंग के बाद)
• With great enthusiasm (उत्साह के साथ)

2. Verbs with Fixed Prepositions

Certain verbs always pair with specific prepositions:

• Believe in (विश्वास करना)
• Depend on (निर्भर करना)
• Apologize for (माफी माँगना)

3. Prepositions vs Particles

Difference in phrasal verbs:

• Turn on (preposition) the light
• Turn the light on (particle)

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Final Thoughts (निष्कर्ष)

Mastering prepositions helps you:

• Describe locations accurately
• Express time relationships clearly
• Use phrasal verbs correctly

Pro Tip: Create a “preposition map” visualizing spatial relationships!

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