The Complete Guide to Pronouns (सर्वनाम) in English Grammar

Pronoun (सर्वनाम) – The Substitute Hero

Pronouns are words that replace nouns in sentences to avoid repetition and make communication smoother. Just like superheroes step in to save the day, pronouns step in to replace nouns so we don’t have to keep repeating the same words!

Why Are Pronouns Important?

 Avoid repetition – Instead of saying “Rahul is a doctor. Rahul works in a hospital,” we say “Rahul is a doctor. He works in a hospital.”
 Make sentences flow better
 Help in forming questions (Who, What, Which)
 Show ownership (mine, yours)
 Refer back to the subject (myself, yourself)

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Types of Pronouns (सर्वनाम के प्रकार) with Examples

1. Personal Pronouns (पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम)

These replace specific people or things.

Person	Subject Pronoun	Object Pronoun	Hindi Equivalent
First Person (I/We)	I, we	me, us	मैं, हम
Second Person (You)	you	you	तुम, आप
Third Person (He/She/They)	he, she, it, they	him, her, it, them	वह, वे

Examples:

• She is my sister. (वह मेरी बहन है।)
• Give the book to me. (किताब मुझे दो।)

2. Possessive Pronouns (अधिकारवाचक सर्वनाम)

Show ownership without using nouns.

Pronoun	Possessive Form	Hindi Meaning
I	mine	मेरा
You	yours	तुम्हारा
He	his	उसका (पुल्लिंग)
She	hers	उसका (स्त्रीलिंग)
It	its	इसका
We	ours	हमारा
They	theirs	उनका

Examples:

• This pen is mine. (यह पेन मेरा है।)
• Is this book yours? (क्या यह किताब तुम्हारी है?)

3. Reflexive Pronouns (निजवाचक सर्वनाम)

Refer back to the subject of the sentence.

Pronoun	Reflexive Form	Hindi Meaning
I	myself	खुद, अपने आप
You	yourself/yourselves	तुम खुद
He	himself	वह खुद
She	herself	वह खुद
It	itself	यह खुद
We	ourselves	हम खुद
They	themselves	वे खुद

Examples:

• I cut myself while cooking. (मैंने खाना बनाते समय खुद को काट लिया।)
• She taught herself English. (उसने अपने आप अंग्रेज़ी सीखी।)

4. Demonstrative Pronouns (संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम)

Point to specific things or people.

Pronoun	Usage	Hindi Meaning
This	Singular, nearby	यह
That	Singular, far	वह
These	Plural, nearby	ये
Those	Plural, far	वे

Examples:

• This is my house. (यह मेरा घर है।)
• Those are my friends. (वे मेरे दोस्त हैं।)

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Example Sentences (उदाहरण वाक्य)

Personal Pronouns

S.No	English Sentence	Hindi Translation
1	He is my brother.	वह मेरा भाई है।
2	Can you help me?	क्या तुम मेरी मदद कर सकते हो?
3	They are coming tomorrow.	वे कल आ रहे हैं।

Possessive Pronouns

S.No	English Sentence	Hindi Translation
4	This notebook is hers.	यह नोटबुक उसकी है।
5	The decision is yours.	फैसला तुम्हारा है।
6	The glory is all theirs.	सारी श्रेय उनका है।

Reflexive Pronouns

S.No	English Sentence	Hindi Translation
7	I hurt myself.	मैंने खुद को चोट पहुँचाई।
8	She is talking to herself.	वह खुद से बात कर रही है।
9	We enjoyed ourselves.	हमने खुद का आनंद लिया।

Demonstrative Pronouns

S.No	English Sentence	Hindi Translation
10	This is delicious!	यह बहुत स्वादिष्ट है!
11	Those were the best days.	वे सबसे अच्छे दिन थे।
12	These are my favorite books.	ये मेरी पसंदीदा किताबें हैं।

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Common Mistakes with Pronouns (सर्वनाम में गलतियाँ)

 Incorrect: Me and my friend went shopping.
 Correct: My friend and I went shopping.

 Incorrect: This book is your’s.
 Correct: This book is yours.

 Incorrect: Each student must bring their notebook.
 Correct: Each student must bring his or her notebook.

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Practice Exercises (अभ्यास प्रश्न)

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. ___ am going to the market. (I/Me)
2. This house is ___. (their/theirs)
3. She made this cake ___. (herself/her)

B. Identify the Pronoun Type:

1. “These are my glasses.” (Demonstrative/Possessive)
2. “Hers is the red car.” (Reflexive/Possessive)
3. “We cooked dinner ourselves.” (Reflexive/Demonstrative)

C. Translate to Hindi:

1. “They are coming with us.”
2. “Is this bag yours?”
3. “He hurt himself.”

(Answers: A1. I, A2. theirs, A3. herself | B1. Demonstrative, B2. Possessive, B3. Reflexive | C1. वे हमारे साथ आ रहे हैं, C2. क्या यह बैग तुम्हारा है?, C3. उसने खुद को चोट पहुँचाई)

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Final Thoughts (निष्कर्ष)

Pronouns make our language efficient and natural. By mastering:

• Personal pronouns (I, you, he)
• Possessive pronouns (mine, yours)
• Reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself)
• Demonstrative pronouns (this, those)

You’ll speak and write English more fluently!

Pro Tip: Practice by replacing nouns with pronouns in your daily conversations!

#EnglishGrammar #Pronouns #LearnEnglish #HindiEnglish #GrammarSkills

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